In 1956, the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (the Corps) closed the gates of Buford Dam along the Chattahoochee River. Water slowly pooled behind the dam over the course of the next two years, forming Lake Sidney Lanier. The Chestatee River also fed into the reservoir, which grew to cover 38,000 acres in north Georgia. Originally constructed for flood control, hydroelectricity, and navigation, the lake is now known as a source of drinking water and a recreation destination.
For modern north Georgians, it is hard to imagine a time before Lake Lanier – but it was once a very different place. This is the story of that transformation, as told by people who lived through it.
Georgia Transmission Corporation (GTC) sponsored this oral history and website project for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Lake Lanier (Buford) Office. The effort was part of their Browns Bridge – Hammonds Crossing 115 kV Transmission Line project in Forsyth County, Georgia.
Oral History Interviews
Jerry Henderson: “Just having that view of the lake, it’s something that’s just peaceful. I think it does this area a lot of good, and, I mean, people from all points of life, they come here. And they have fishing or water skiing or sailing or some kind of boating. So you don’t have to go to the ocean. You got big water right here.”
In 2022 and 2023, historians Faith Meader and Velma Fann from New South Associates interviewed a dozen current and former residents of the communities surrounding Lake Lanier. These oral histories capture the stories of families who lived in the area when Buford Dam was constructed, the people who helped build the dam and reservoir, and the ways that Lake Lanier has impacted lives and communities. The following people generously shared their stories.
Interviewees
Wanda Blan – Ms. Blan’s (b. 1948) father, Nelson Brogdon, was mayor of Sugar Hill from 1948-1954. She remembers touring the dam as a child, and one of her brothers was named “Lanier” because of the new lake.
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Cheryl Chesser – Ms. Chesser (b. 1946) is also one of Nelson’s Brogdon’s daughters. She remembers the dam project and how life changed in the area after the lake filled and brought new visitors and residents.
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Robert David Coughlin – Mr. Coughlin works at the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers’ Lanier Project Management Office and wrote Lake Sidney Lanier, “A Storybook Site”: The Early History & Construction of Buford Dam. He formerly worked with the engineers who helped build the dam and used the Corps’ photographs and records on the project in his book.
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Brandon Hembree – Mr. Hembree is the mayor of Sugar Hill, Georgia. Although he was born after the dam project and is originally from the Atlanta area, he helped to create the Sugar Hill Preservation Society and Sugar Hill History Museum, which tells the story of Buford Dam and Lake Lanier.
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Jerry Henderson – Mr. Henderson (b. 1945), a real estate agent, has lived in Forsyth County his whole life. Grandparents on both sides of his family owned the land in between Young Deer Creek and Bald Ridge Creek, which is now part of Lake Lanier. He remembers when his family’s land was purchased for the creation of the reservoir.
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Wayne Hill – Mr. Hill (b. 1942) is the former Gwinnett County Commissioner. The F. Wayne Hill Water Resources Center on Lake Lanier, which treats the lake water, is named after him. He grew up in Sugar Hill and spent his youth fishing, boating, and camping on Lake Lanier.
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Martha McConnell – Ms. McConnell (b. 1948), a retired mail carrier, is the co-president of the Historical Society of Cumming/Forsyth County. She recalls the dam project and her teenage years spent on Lake Lanier.
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Vernon Maddox – Mr. Maddox (b. 1937) was born and raised in Buford, Gwinnett County. He is a Past Master of Chattahoochee Masonic Lodge #31, which shared a building with Spencer Hill Baptist Church in Hall County. Burials at Spencer Hill Cemetery were removed and reinterred when the area was flooded for Lake Lanier.
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Alan Wayne – Mr. Wayne (b. 1942) lives along Lake Lanier in Flowery Branch. His father and uncle started Aqualand Marina in 1958, and Mr. Wayne ran the marina until 1998. Some of his grandparents’ land was purchased by the Corps prior to the filling of Lake Lanier.
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George Pirkle – Mr. Pirkle (b. 1947) grew up in Cumming and remembers the dam construction and lake filling. He serves on the board of the Historical Society of Cumming/Forsyth County as a historian.
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Virginia Saine – Ms. Saine (b. 1943) lived in Buford when the dam was built and recalls visiting the dam when it was under construction.
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Betty Jean Terrell – Ms. Terrell (b. 1933) grew up in Sugar Hill. Her father was the first mayor pro tem of Sugar Hill, and she donated a granite core from the dam construction to the Sugar Hill History Museum.
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